Who are you marketing to?
If you canโt give a specific answer to that question right away, you need to define your target audience. Good marketing caters to specific customers. Knowing who those folks are can help you better perform marketing to your fullest potential.
With careful research and analysis, youโll be able to identify your target audience and create marketing that knocks their socks off. Weโll teach you how.
Identifyย Your Audience With This Target Audience Kit
Before you learn how to research your target audience, take our kit with you. It includes these templates:
- Audience Persona Template
- Audience Survey Template
- Customer Interview Questions Template
These resources will help you practice some of the tips weโll cover in this blog post. Best of all, theyโre 100% free.
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Table of Contents
- Why Should You Define Your Target Audience?
- What Types of Target Audiences Exist?
- What Questions Should You Ask About Your Target Audience?
- How Do You Research Your Target Audience?
- How Do You Understand Your Intended Audience?
- How Do You Use Your Audience Data in a Marketing Strategy?
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Why Should You Define Your Target Audience?
When you identify your target audience, youโll get better results out of the hard work you put into your marketing. To understand why, weโll need to answer the question, โWhat does intended audience mean?โ
Whether you call it a target audience, target market or intended audience, this group of people is the audience most likely to enjoy your product or service. Youโll achieve these two goals by researching and identifying your target audience:
- Youโll get rid of the assumptions you have about your intended audience.ย Itโs easy to assume that people interested in your product are just like you, but only audience data will tell you for sure. The research involved in defining your audience will show their true traits and interests.
- Youโll understand what marketing collateral to make for your customers.ย When you know your audienceโs preferences and problems, youโll be able to make content and other marketing materials that cater to them.
These benefits will make it easier to do marketing that resonates with your audience, boosting your sales and revenue potential. After all, itโs one thing for someone to see your marketing and another for them to get something out of it.
What Types of Target Audiences Exist?
You can define your intended audience using traits related to their life experiences, preferences and purchase behaviors. Some marketers who have a good grasp of their audience divide them into groups based on these features in a practice known as segmentation. At this point in your process, just keep in mind that you can analyze your audience through categories like these target market demographic examples:
- Age
- Gender
- Career
- Location
- Subculture
- Attitudes and opinions
- Purchase intent (likelihood to buy your product)
- Hobbies and interests
- Lifestyle
What Questions Should You Ask About Your Target Audience?
As you identify your target audience, you should keep these questions at the top of your mind:
- Who are they? Youโll need to know your typical audience memberโs features to create marketing theyโll be receptive to.
- What are their top problems (that your business can solve)?ย When you understand your audienceโs problems, youโll know how to present your product as the solution.
- What content do they consume?ย Consider what content your audience likes so you can do marketing that touches on similar themes and subjects.
- Where do they hang out (online and in real life)?ย Once you know where your audience consumes marketing, youโll understand where to place your own marketing collateral for the most exposure.
How Do You Research Your Target Audience?
While it might seem daunting to learn the ins and outs of a large group of people, you have plenty of simple ways to go about it. Most importantly for small businesses, most of these methods are also free or low-cost.
Survey Your Customers and Content Readers
Wondering what your audience is like? Ask them yourself. Grab the audience survey template you downloaded at the start of this blog post, and follow these steps:
- Set your survey goals.ย Write down the top five things you want to learn about your audience from your survey.
- Choose your survey platform.ย SurveyMonkey, Google Formsย and Crowdsignalย are some popular free and low-cost options.
- Create your survey questions.ย Try to keep them related to the list you created in the first step. Consider asking your audience about their demographics, online behavior and experience with your brand.
- Set a deadline for your survey.ย We suggest a timeframe of two weeks to a month to account for anyone who canโt respond right away.
- Promote your survey in your most popular channels.ย Try sending it in an email to your list, sharing it on social or highlighting it on your website.
If you can swing it, encourage people to complete your survey with an incentive. You could offer a guide or resource, branded swag, a discount code or a sweepstakes entry.
Interview Your Current Customers
While customer surveys give you broad information about the people who like your product, one-on-one interviews provide richer details about individual customersโ experiences. Youโll get deep emotional information from these conversations thatโll help you understand why your customers engage with your brand.
Keep these tips in mind as you plan and perform your customer interviews:
- Set a clear goal for your interview:ย Just like you did with your customer survey, create an objective for your interview that your questions will tie back to.
- Use open-ended questions:ย As we covered in our guide to interviewing subject matter experts, open-ended questions get better results than closed-ended ones. For example, a prompt like โTell me how you like to use our productโ will coax more details out of a customer than a question like โDo you find our product useful?โ
- Be open-minded:ย As HubSpot points out in their guide to customer interviews, sometimes a customer will talk about your product negatively โ and thatโs okay. In fact, these answers will help you learn what your audience doesnโt like and how to improve their experience.
- End with a trusted journalism trick:ย Your questions probably wonโt cover everything your customer wants to say because youโre both humans with different perspectives on life. Because of this fact, many journalists like to ask a question like, โWould you like to add anything that I havenโt asked about in this interview?โ Journalists who use it often find that they get some of their most insightful answers from this question.
Use the template you downloaded from our target audience bundle to write down your questions and take notes during your interview. For more tips on interviewing customers, read our comprehensive guide to customer interview best practices.
Check Your Google Analytics Demographic Data
Google Analytics records demographic data on your website visitors related to their location, interests, gender and age. Access this info by clicking the Reportsย option on the left-hand menu, then going to Demographics overviewย or Demographic detailsย under User.
Click the link in the lower right of each box in the Demographics overviewย tab or go to the Demographics detailsย tab to look at details on your demographicsโ engagement and conversion rates. While you might see a lot of people in one group visit, they may not be the most engaged with your website. Check which segments of your audience are actually consuming your website content and acting on it.
If you donโt see demographic data on your Analytics dashboard, turn Google signals onย in your data settings.
Snag Demographic and Audience Data From Social Media
Most of the major social media platforms track basic demographic data about your followers. Learn how to find that info on each site:
- Facebook/Instagram:ย Go to Facebook Business Suiteย and click the Insightsย option in the left-hand menu, then go to the Audienceย tab.
- Twitter:ย Use a third-party tool โ Twitter no longer has a native audience data dashboard.
- LinkedIn:ย Visit Followersย under LinkedIn Pagesโ Analytics menu.
- Pinterest:ย Click Audience Insightsย under the Analytics menu.
These social media demographics share details like audience ages, gender and even career seniority.
Get Data From Market Research Firms
When you need a broad overview of the populations who use your product, market research firm reports will give you a primer. While it can be out of a small business budget range to hire a market research firm to study your specific audience, these firms often sell or share research reports.
Here are two examples of free audience insights from the big names. Nielsen has this free reportย on African Americansโ views on representation in marketing. Gartner provides yearly marketing predictionsย to help you understand what marketing trends customers respond to.
Wondering where to find market research companies relevant to your audience and industry? Software Testing Help has an overview of the market research industryย and some of its most popular members.
Analyze Your Current Customersโ Data
Chances are you have customer data on hand that can boost your audience research efforts. Do you have any of these sources of customer info?
- A customer relationship management (CRM) software or similar customer database
- Customer purchase history
- Email list member information
- Product and business reviews
Even something as simple as an invoice can tell you how your current customers interact with your business.
Use Social Listening
Social listeningย is the act of watching for keyword mentions on social media or the web. These keywords tend to relate to your brand or industry, including your brand name. You can use a dedicated social listening platform or search keywords individually on each platform you monitor.
Keep an eye on keywords such as:
- Your brand name
- Your competitorsโ brand names
- Your original product or service names
- Your industry name
As you monitor how people talk about these subjects, look for the topics and pain points they mention. Are your potential audience members asking for something new in your industry? What do they praise or put down?
Watch Your Best (and Worst) Performing Content
Dig into your blog postsโ analytics to see what topics and approaches work best with your audience. While page views and bounce rates offer some valuable insights, content analyticsย include even more insightful numbers. Look at metrics like:
- Click-through rate:ย Rate of readers who click your blog postโs call to action
- Average time on page:ย Average time that readers spend on the blog postโs page
- Conversion rate:ย The number of people who follow your call to action compared to the number of people who view your blog post
Depending on how much time you have, you can look at these numbers through your preferred analytics platform or perform a full content audit.
Find What Other Content Your Audience Reads
Your brand is just one source of content for your audience. What other companies and publications do they count on? What topics entertain and educate them?
Check what other content your audience reads by looking at:
- Your competitorsโ content
- Trending content in your industry
- Content popular with your social media audience and circles
- Industry content trending on BuzzSumo
How Do You Understand Your Intended Audience?
After taking the steps we just went over, youโll have a hefty amount of audience info to use. Now, how do you figure out what this information says about your audience? Hereโs how to perform a target audience analysis.
Review Your Data for Common Themes
Look carefully through your data for patterns in the types of target audiences we covered at the beginning of this blog post, such as:
- Interests
- Age and gender
- Career
- Income
- Pain points and challenges that your product can address
- Lifestyle and hobbies
- Content preferences
- Internet browsing habits
- Buying habits
Keep an open mind as you look for things your audience has in common. Something as small as a favorite website or use of language can clue you in to your customersโ marketing preferences.
Turn Your Data Into Customer Personas
Use the takeaways you got from your data to create marketing personasย โ fictional profiles that describe your typical customer. These tools make a great target audience example when you try to match your marketing to your audience.
A marketing persona includes details like:
- A drawing or photo representing the fictional customer
- Name and job title
- Demographic info like age, gender, income level and education
- Hobbies and interests
- Product-related goals and pain points
- Values and fears surrounding your product
- Favorite content sources
The marketing persona template you downloaded at the beginning of this blog post includes room for all of this information.
How Do You Use Your Audience Data in a Marketing Strategy?
Now that you have a target audience, itโs time to put that data into action.
Create Marketing Materials That Target Your Customer Personas
Your target audience data and customer personas should inform your marketing from here on out. The info you have on your audience should influence these aspects of your marketing materials:
- Copy:ย Use language that feels natural to the people reading your copy. For example, if you have a business-to-business product for executives, youโd want to use more formal and sales-focused language, but your typical business-to-customer audience will prefer casual language. When in doubt, talk the way your audience does.
- Topics:ย Cover topics that fall in your content core โ the intersection between your product and your audienceโs interests.
- Design:ย Use design elements that match your audienceโs experiences and preferences. If you market to kids and their parents, for example, you might use a lot of primary colors.
Offer Ways to Solve Your Audienceโs Problems
As you researched your audience and put together marketing personas, you identified the problems your customers face that your product can solve. Write your marketing copyย and content with your productโs solutions in mind. Try these strategies for writing solution-focused marketing copy:
- Name the problem your customer faces and relate to them
- Highlight your productโs key benefit related to your customersโ top problem
- Give an example of how your product can help your customer
- Show off your differentiator โ the one way you can solve your customerโs problem that your competitors canโt
Repurpose Your Content Everywhere Your Audience Goes
After you create content that appeals to your target audience, maximize its potential by repurposing it for multiple channels. In other words, take your content and put it into a format that works for another marketing channel (social media, email, etc.), then share it in that channel.
For example, you can turn a blog post into:
- A podcast discussion
- An explainer video
- An email newsletter
- A Twitter thread
- An infographic
Donโt forget to regularly share your content as part of your social media content strategy, too.
Doย Marketing That Attracts Your Audience
With your target audience information in hand, you can confidently forge on to create specially tailored marketing for your audience. Remember to build a review of your target audience into workflows like your content creation processย to keep your marketing focused.
The post How to Find Your Target Audience To Do Better Marketing appeared first on CoSchedule Blog.